How to Cite
Abstract
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is a chronic respiratory disorder characterized by upper airway obstruction. It is believed that facial biotype and skeletal pattern may be related to OSAS. The objective of this research was to measure the relationship between facial morphology and the level of sleepiness in patients diagnosed with OSAS. 28 records were used of patients diagnosed with OSAS who sought treatment in a private dental office in the city of Belém, Pará, Brazil. Photographs of the documentation were used to perform the morphological analysis, and the patients were classified according to facial biotype, profile and shape of the palate. Patients also completed a survey about Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The average of male and female patients was 48 and 58 years, respectively. From the medical records analyzed, 35.7% of men and 50% of women were classified as brachycephalic. Regarding the sleep scale, women had a higher percentage of moderate sleepiness (35,7%) than men (28,6%). When the Chi-square test, Spearman’s correlation index and multiple linear regression analysis were applied, the results were not statiscally significant (p>0,05) for all variables. The data from this research were not able to confirm the relationship between facial morphology and the ESS. However, the analysis of facial morphology and the sleepiness scale can be used to assist in the diagnosis of OSAS.
References
2. Junior CMC, Dal-Fabbro C, Bruin VMS, Tufik S, Bittencourt LRA. Consenso brasileiro de ronco e apneia do sono: aspectos de interesse aos ortodontistas. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics. 2011 jan-fev; 16(1):1-10.
3. Martins AB, Tufik S, Togeiro SMGPT. Síndrome da apnéia-hipopnéia obstrutiva do sono. Fisiopatologia. J Bras Pneumol. 2007; 33(1):93-10.
4. Stuart FQ, Gillin JC, Littner MR, Shepard JW. Sleep-related breathing disorders in adults: Recommendations for syndrome definition and measurement techniques in clinical research. Sleep. 1999 jan; 2(5):662-689.
5. Arnett WG, Bergman R. Facial keys to orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning - Part I. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 1993 abr.; 103(4):299-312.
6. Capistrano A, Cordeiro A, Filho LC, Almeida VC, Silva PIC, Martinez S, et al. Facial morphology and obstructive sleep apnea. Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics. 2015 nov-dez; 20(6):60-7.
7. Banabilh SM, Samsudin AR, Suzina AH, Sidek Dinsuhaimi. facial profile shape, malocclusion and palatal morphology in malay obstructive sleep apnea patients. The Angle Orthodontist. 2010 jan; 80(1):37-42.
8. Matinei T, Deschk MAS, Sabatini JS, Souza LP, Santos RF, Camargo CHF. Correlação da Escala de Sonolência de Epworth com alterações na polissonografia na avaliação da sonolência excessiva diurna em pacientes com síndrome da apneia-hipopneia obstrutiva do sono. Medicina (Ribeirão Preto). 2017; 50(2):102-8.
9. Bertoz APM, Verri ACG, Verri FR, Weber SAT, Mendonça MR, Bertoz RA, et al. Síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono: diagnóstico e tratamento. Arch Health Invest. 2012; 1(1):3-10.
10. Silva HCL, Moreno R, Formin DS, Miranda MVF, Miranda SL. Avaliação facial no paciente com síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Arch Health Inves. 2017; 6(7):332-7.
11. Agha B1, Johal A1. Facial phenotype in obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Sleep Res. 2017 abr.; 26(2):122-131.
12. Silva MMM, Tavares TE, Pinto VSR. A relação entre a apneia e hipopneia obstrutiva do sono, respiração oral e obesidade. Distúrbios da Comunicação. 2015 jun.; 27(2):355-363.
13. Pissulin FDM, Pacagnelli FL, Aldá MA, Beneti R, Barros JLB, Minamoto ST, et al. Tríade síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono, DPOC e obesidade: sensibilidade de escalas de sono e de questionários respiratórios. J Bras Pneumol. 2018; 44(3):202-206.
14. Sousa RC, Amarante J. Importância da análise cefalometrica no diagnóstico da síndrome da apneia obstrutiva do sono. Rev. Port. ORL. 2006 dez; 44(4):357-364.
15. Salles C, Campos PSF, Andrade NA, Daltro C. Síndrome da apneia e hipopneia obstrutiva do sono: análise cefalométrica. Rev Bras Otorrinolaringol. 2005 maio-jun.; 71(3):369-72.
16. Togeiro SMGP, Smith AN. Métodos diagnósticos nos distúrbios do sono. Rev Bras Psiquiatr. 2005 maio; 27 (Supl I): 8-15.
17. Nogueira IC, Azevedo PO, Magalhaes CBA, Lacerda VMA, Brasil ACO, Mont´Alverne DGB. The effectiveness of the epworth sleepiness scale as an auxiliary resource in the diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Rev Bras Promoç Saúde. 2013 jan.-mar.; 26(1):56-62.
18. Johns MW. A new method for measuring daytime sleepiness: the Epworth sleepiness scale. Sleep. 1991; 14(6):540-5.
19. Bertolazi NA, Fagondes SC, Hoff LS, Pedro VD, Barreto SSM, Johns MW. Portuguese-language version of the Epworth sleepiness scale: validation for use in Brazil. J Bras Pneumol. 2009; 35:877-83